Overview
Name
Actinic Keratosis / Solar Keratosis
Type
Skin Cancer
Sometimes referred to as “precancers,” actinic or solar keratoses can progress over time into squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). These precancerous growths are derived from squamous cells in the epidermis which have been damaged by UV exposure, but the damage is not sufficient to form cancer. Continued sun exposure further increases cell damage, and the risk for progression into a squamous cell carcinoma.
In appearance, actinic keratoses resemble small scaly patches, most of which are flat or slightly raised. They feel rough, or sandpaper-like due to the presence of the skin protein keratin which forms the roughened surface of an actinic keratosis. More advanced actinic keratoses may have some bleeding, and the underlying skin may appear to be reddish or inflamed.
Fortunately, progression of an actinic keratosis to SCC generally occurs over a long period of time, with most actinic keratoses never actually progressing into cancer. Long term sun exposure is the primary risk, and individuals with sun damaged skin may develop many, or even scores of actinic keratoses. They are more common in older individuals but can occur as early as ages 30-40 years in those with extensive sun exposure due to occupation or lifestyle (such as construction workers, surfers, lifeguards). In younger women, the “V” of the neck may be one of the first skin areas to be affected. It is currently estimated that more than 58 million Americans are affected. Early treatment can decrease the risk for progression of these lesions into cancer.
Actinic keratoses should be distinguished from seborrheic keratoses, which are benign, flat, wart-like growths common in older individuals. Seborrheic keratoses are generally not treated and are often considered to be a cosmetic nuisance by those who are affected.
All photographs and diagrams are intended for informational purposes only and are not intended to be used for diagnosis. A dermatologist should be consulted for examination and diagnosis of skin lesions.
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